Credit only granted for: PUAF699D, PUAF784 or PLCY784.
Formerly: PUAF699D and PUAF784.
Studies development, the process by which needy people in fragile societies become self-sufficient people in resilient societies, in relation to disease and disaster, with particular attention to the developed world's response.
Jointly offered with PLCY 488B. Credit only granted for PLCY488B or PLCY784.