A further understanding of ecosystem functions across biomes/geologic settings, and developing practical applications in ecosystem restoration strategies through a graduate level project. Specific case studies and discussions will be aimed at understanding how structure can influence biophysical and biogeochemical processes supporting ecosystems, and then describes how rates, timing, and location of physical, chemical, and ecosystem processes can be altered by different restoration strategies to enhance ecosystem services. A project will then be used to apply restoration principles towards solving tangible environmental problems and communication to managers.