Prerequisite: FREN387.

An advanced study of Victor Hugo s major works across genres (poetry, theatre, fiction) in their historical and cultural contexts, with particular attention to reception, legacy, and cross-cultural adaptations. Readings situate Hugo within Romantic aesthetics, the political upheavals of the nineteenth century (1830, 1848, exile), and debates on authorship, the public sphere, and social justice. Traces Hugo s afterlives through critical reception and global reworkings in translation, illustration, theatre, film, and musical adaptations. Primary texts may include selections from Hernani, Notre-Dame de Paris, Les Contemplations, and Les Miserables, alongside critical and media materials.